二、动词时态

1. Europeans have long known that eating quail sometimes makes the eater ill, but only recently has it been established that the illness is caused by a toxin present in the quail’s body only under certain conditions. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

A) Europeans have long known that eating quail sometimes makes

B) Europeans have long known quail eating is sometimes able to make

C) Eating quail has long been known to Europeans to sometimes make

D) It has long been known to Europeans that quail eating will sometimes make

E) It has long been known to Europeans that quail, when it is eaten, has som etimes made

2． Interest rates on mortgages have declined steadily during the first six months of this year but virtually remained unchanged during the next three months.

A) have declined steadily during the first six months of this year but virtually remained unchanged

B) declined steadily during the first six months of this year but virtually remain unchanged

C) steadily declined during the first six months of this year but remain virtually unchanged

D) declined steadily during the first six months of this but have remained virtually unchanging’

E) declined steadily during the first six months of this year but have remained virtually unchanged

3． Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service, nearly a century has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from “ a fair cross section of the community”

A） has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juriesmust be

B） was necessary for developing and enforcing the principle that all juries must be

C） was to be necessary in developing and enforcing the principle of all furies to be

D） is necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be

E） will be necessary for developing and enforcing the principle

4.Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city’s building code.

A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

C) Some buildings that the earthquake destroyed and heavily damaged last year have been

D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been

5. by the time peace and happiness will have come to the planet, many lives will be wasted.

A) will have come to the planet, many lives will be wasted

B) come to the planet, many lives will have been wasted

C) will have come to the planet, many lives will have been wasted

D) shall have come to the planet, many lives shall be wasted’

E) would have come to the planet, many lives would have been wasted

6. the books of W.E.B. DuBois before World War I constituted as fundamental a challenge to the accepted ideas of race relations that, two generations later will be true of the writings of the radical writers of the 1960’s.

A) that, two generations later will be true of

B) that, two generations later, would be true of

C) as, two generations later , would be true of

D) as, two generations later, would

E) just in the way that, two generations later, did

7.While everyone continues to hope for their survival, it is unlikely that the astronauts could have made it back to the shelter before the power plant exploded.

A) could have made it back to the shelter before the power plant exploded

B) were making it back to the shelter before the power plant exploded

C) were able to make it back to the shelter before the power plant explodes

D) have been able to make it back to the shelter before the power plant will explode

E) could have made it back to the shelter before the power plant would have destroyed them

8.parliament did not accord full refugee benefits to twelve of the recent im migrants because it believed that to do it rewards them for entering the country illegally.

A) to do it rewards

B) doing it rewards

C) to do this would reward

D) doing so would reward

E) to do it would reward

9.for many people, household labor remains demanding even if able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle.

A) even if able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle

B) despite being able to afford household appliances their grandparents woul d find a miracle

C) even if they can afford household appliances their grandparents would hav e found miraculous

D) although they could afford household appliances their grandparents would find miraculous

E) even if they are able to afford household appliances which would have been a miracle to their grandparents

10. a huge flying reptile that died out with the dinosaurs some 65 million years ago , the Quetzalcoatlus had a wingspan of 36 feet, believed to be the largest flying creature the word has ever seen.

A) believed to be

B) and that is believed to be

C) and it is believed to have been

D) which was, it is believed,

E) which is believed to be

11. In virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism’s trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it. (O.P.298)

A) trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it

B) trying that it metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant

C) attempt to try to metabolize, or render harmless such a chemical irritant

D) attempt to try and metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritating it

E) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant

12. Native American burial sites dating back 5000 years indicate that the residents of Maine at that time were part of a widespread culture of Algonquian-speaking people.( O.P.300)

A) were part of a widespread culture of Algonquian-speaking people

B) had been part of a widespread culture of people who were Algonquian-speaking

C) were people who were part of a widespread culture that was Algonquian-speaking

D) had been people who were part of a widespread culture that was Algonquian-speaking

E) were a people which had been part of a widespread, Algonquian-speaking culture

13.A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.(O.P.330)

A) had elected early retirement rather than face

B) had elected early retirement instead of facing

C) have elected retiring early instead of facing

D) have elected to retire early rather than facing

E) have elected to retire early rather than face

14. Opening with tributes to jazz-age divas like Bessie Smith and closing with Koko Taylor’s electrified gravel-and thunder songs, the program will trace the blues’vigorous matriarchal line over more than 50 years. (Z.P.91)

A) the program will trace

B) the program shall trace

C) there will be a program tracing

D) it it’s a program that traces

E) it will be a program tracing

15. In a period of time when women typically have had a narrow range of choices, Mary Baker Eddy became a distinguished writer and the founder, architect, and builder of a growing church. (Z.P. 102)

A) In a period of time when women typically have

B) During a time in which typically women have

C) Typically, during a time when women

D) At a time when women typically

E) Typically in a time in which women

16. During the nineteenth century Emily Eden and Fanny Parks journeyed throughout India, sketching and keeping journals forming the basis of news reports about the princely states where they had visited. (Z.P.106)

A) forming the basis of news reports about the princely states where they had

B) that were forming the basis of news reports about the princely states

C) to form the basis of news reports about the princely states which they have

D) which had formed the basis of news reports about the princely states where they had

E) that formed the basis of news reports about the princely stats they

17. Even though its per capita food supply hardly increased during two decades, stringent rationing and planned distribution have allowed the People’s Republic of China to ensure nutritional levels of 2000 calories per person per day for its population. ( Z.P.109)

A) Even though its per capita food supply hardly increased during

B) Even though its per capita food supply has hardly increased in

C) Despite its per capita food supply hardly increasing over

D) Despite there being hardly any increase in its per capita food supply during

E) Although there is hardly any increase in per capita food supply for

18. Since the past twenty years, thousands of magnificent United States elms have been killed by infestations of the tiny European bark beetle. (Z.P.117)

A) Since the past twenty years

B) Since twenty years have passed

C) During the past twenty years

D) Twenty years ago

E) After twenty years

19. Developing nations in various parts of the world have amassed $700 billi on in debts; at stake, should a significant number of these debts be repudia ted, is the solvency of some of the world’s largest multinational banks. (Z.P.123)

A) should a significant number of these debts be repudiated, is

B) should a significant number of these debts be repudiated, are

C) should they repudiate a significant number of these debts, are

D) if there is a repudiation of a significant number of these debts, would be

E) if a significant number of these debts will be repudiated, is

20. During the summer of 1981, when it looked like parts of new York and new Jersey were going to run short of water, many businesses and homes were affected by the stringent restrictions on the use of water. (Z.P.132)

A) it looked like parts of new York and new Jersey were going to run

B) it looked as if parts of New York and New Jersey would have run

C) it appearances that parts of New York and New Jersey would run

D) appearances were that parts of New York and New Jersey would run

E) it was the appearance that parts of New York and New Jersey would running

21. The political masters of the health care system have not listened to professional health planners because it has not been profitable for them to do that thing. (Z.P.133)

A) has not been profitable for them to do that thing

B) has not been profitable for them to do so

C) has been unprofitable for them to do that thing

D) has been unprofitable for them to do so

E) doing so had not been profitable for them

22. Few baskets made by Southern California Indians would have survived to the present had it not been for enthusiastic collectors at the turn of the century. (Z.P.134)

A) had it not been for

B) unless there had been

C) without the fact that there were

D) were it not due to

E) except that there were

23. Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city’s building code. (Z.P.157)

A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

C) Some buildings that the earthquake destroyed and heavily damaged last year have been

D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been

KEYS:

1.A know后面的that 从句说明know的内容，that一般是不省的。注意动词一般现在时的用法和含义。

2.E during the first six months of this year（在今年的头6个月里）是明确的过去时间，其所修饰的动词应用一般过去时，而during the next three months 所修饰的动词则可以用现在完成时，表示一个过去开始的但持续到将来的动作。

3.A 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.A

8.D 同一个行为，同一具主语，一般应用do so,而不用do it或do this

9.C 10.C 11.E 12.A 13.E 14.A 15.D 16.E 17. B 18.C 19.A 20.C 21.B 22.A 23.B